International Journal Of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology

Review of Optimised Fusion Techniques in Human Computer Interaction

2022-08-11T06:55:38+00:00

This paper provides an overview of various optimisation techniques available in multimodal fusion in human-computer interaction.Humans use a variety of modes of information to recognize people and understand their activity. Fusion of multiple sources of information is a mechanism to robustly recognize human activity.The overview includes the basic definitions and
approaches of quality based fusion and contains the survey of various technique evolved for fusion with optimisation. This paper also highlights the features of quality based fusion over traditional fusion. It proposes the optimized fusion of various modes of
senses and error analysis in human-computer interaction applications.

Power Optimization in MIMO Cognitive Radio Data Transmission

2022-08-11T07:07:54+00:00

The Spectrum sensing technique is the technique which optimize the sensing threshold, sensing time, and transmit power of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) Cognitive Radio system for maximization of the opportunistic system throughput under transmit power, probability of false alarm, and probability of missed detection constraints. The transmission protocol allows the CR user to simultaneously perform data transmission and spectrum sensing on different spatial sub channels. Since finding the global optimal solution of these problems entails a very high complexity, the development of two iterative algorithms are based on the concept of alternating optimization and solve only convex sub problems in each iteration. Hence the Simulation will show the developed algorithms closely approach the global optimal performance and achieve performance gains compared to baseline schemes employing equal powers or equal sensing times in all sub channels.

Implementation of K-Means Algorithm by Using Map Reduction and Bulk Synchronous Parallelism

2022-08-11T07:13:11+00:00

K-Means algorithm to classify or to group objects based on attributes/features into K number of group. Grouping is done by minimizing the sum of squares of distances between data and the corresponding cluster centroid. The purpose of Kmean clustering is classify the data. Map Reduce is a software framework for easily writing applications which process vast amounts of data. One of the major drawbacks of the Map-Reduce (MR) model is to simplify reliability and fault tolerance. It does not preserve data in memory across consecutive MR jobs. The Bulk Synchronous Parallelism (BSP) programming model, as an alternative to the MR model that does not suffer from this restriction and under certain circumstances allows complex repetitive algorithms to run entirely in the collective memory of a cluster.

VLSI Designing of Low Power Radix4 Booths Multiplier

2022-08-11T07:26:29+00:00

The operation of multiplication is present in several parts of a digital system or digital computer. It is extensively used in signal processing, graphics and scientific computation. With advancement in technology, various techniques have been proposed to design multipliers, with higher speed, lower power consumption and lesser area. Thus high speeds, low power compact VLSI implementations can be accomplished. These three parameters i.e. power, area and speed are always main traded off to accomplish. Multiplication involves two basic operations: the generation of partial products and their accumulation. Partial products can be reduced by using the Radix_4 modified Booth algorithm. The parallel multipliers like radix 4 modified booth multiplier do the computations using lesser adders and lesser iterative steps. The design is proposed for implementation of Booth multiplier using VHDL. This compares the power consumption and delay of radix 2 and modified Booth multipliers. The modified Booth multiplier with ripple carry adder will have power reduction than the conventional radix 2 Booth Multiplier.

Performance Analysis of CDMA Rake Receiver with PIC for Wireless Communications

2022-08-11T07:37:05+00:00

In this paper, a software wireless communication simulator performed which simulates a Code division Multiple Access (CDMA) as Wireless cellular telephony has been growing at a faster rate than wired-line telephone networks. This growth has also been fueled by the recent improvements in the capacity of wireless links due to the use of multiple access techniques (which allow many users to share the same channel for transmission) in association with advanced signal processing algorithms. The simulator is a tool to evaluate these design opinions and trades in different scenarios. An efficient method of system is used to speed up the simulations. The simulator can be used to study the performance of a CDMA with variation in system parameters and channel conditions. In this simulator we change the attenuation factor and simulate CDMA with RAKE receiver and without RAKE receiver. Furthermore, we will compare the BER in received data with and without RAKE receiver and also using PIC technique to eliminate further multiple access and multipath interference to improve the performance of the rake receiver.

Benefit-Function of Two- Identical Cold Standby System subject to Failure due to Natural Frequency Resonance causes catastrophic failures or Failure due to fatigue

2022-08-11T07:41:20+00:00

-Natural Frequency Resonance -Recipe for Failure. All objects in the universe resonate at their natural frequency when excited. This can cause catastrophic failures in structures, machines, and components. This is relevant in a power plant scenario also. "The principle cannot fail. It is as powerful when applied to the earth as it is when applied to a [violin note shattering a] wineglass, a [boy pushing a man on a] swing, or a steel link. Anyone who doubts should only bear in mind the illustration of the swing. A small boy, by each time adding a pound to the force with which a 200-pound man swings, can soon set the man swinging with the force of 500 pounds. It is necessary only to keep adding a little force at the right time." Nikola Tesla – the master of resonance.  Every object depending on its mass and stiffness when excited vibrates at its natural frequency. Watches, musical instruments, microwave ovens, mobile phones and many other devices in our day-to-day life make use of this phenomenon. However, there is an undesirable side to these vibrations that can lead to the failure of structures and components. This failure mode, resonance failures, is equally applicable to large structures and small machine parts alike. Not only bridges, towers and skyscrapers, but also blades, bearings, piping and fasteners can fail due to resonance. Air and gas vapor columns can also resonate at their natural frequencies, in the same way that percussion instruments work, and this can lead to failures.  The war cries and the pounding of foot of marauding armies in history aimed at the destruction of the enemy’s defenses by the principle of resonance. The Biblical myth of the Fall of the Walls of Jericho (Joshua 6:3-5) seems to assert this fact.  Large towers and buildings swaying during an earthquake can fail if the swaying coincides with the natural frequency of the structure. Architects consider this while designing these buildings. The Taipei 101, one the tallest building in the world, has a 660 Ton pendulum acting as mass damper to cancel any resonance. In this paper we have taken Failure due to Natural Frequency Resonance causes catastrophic failures or fatigue failure. When the main unit fails due to Failure due to Natural Frequency Resonance then cold standby system becomes operative. Failure due to Natural Frequency Resonance cannot occur simultaneously in both the units and after failure the unit undergoes very costly repair facility immediately. Applying the regenerative point technique with renewal process theory the various reliability parameters MTSF, Availability, Busy period,